By Aparna Patni
The life of the walking Shiva of Kashi, his silent practice and the timeless message of detachment

For centuries, sadhus, sannyasis and yogis have come to the ghats of Kashi. But among them was a great yogi at whose sight people said that Lord Vishwanath himself had taken human form and was sitting by the Ganga. He would lie on the flowing waters of the Ganga for hours, stay silent for days and care neither for hunger nor for cold or heat. His huge body, calm eyes and digambar (unclothed) form awakened both reverence and wonder in people's hearts. This was Tailang Swami, who came to be called the walking Shiva of Kashi.
In 2027, Tailang Swami Jayanti will be observed on Tuesday, 19 January, on Paush Shukla Ekadashi. By coincidence, the Gauna Pausha Putrada Ekadashi also falls on this day and the scriptures prescribe this fast especially for sannyasis and seekers of moksha (liberation). The birth anniversary of a great sannyasi falling on the Ekadashi of the sannyasis is meaningful in itself.
| Detail | Information |
|---|---|
| Name of the observance | Tailang Swami Jayanti |
| Date | 19 January 2027 |
| Day | Tuesday |
| Hindu month | Paush |
| Paksha (fortnight) | Shukla Paksha (waxing fortnight) |
| Tithi (lunar day) | Ekadashi (eleventh lunar day) |
| The saint's principal place | Varanasi (Kashi) |
| Monastic name | Ganapati Saraswati |
| Position of the Sun | Capricorn (Makar) |
| Sunrise in Varanasi | Approximately 6:45 in the morning |
| Sunset in Varanasi | Approximately 5:25 in the evening |
| Rahu Kaal (Varanasi) | Approximately 2:45 to 4:05 in the afternoon |
| Other observances on the same day | Gauna Pausha Putrada Ekadashi, Kurma Dwadashi, Rohini Vrat (Jain) |
On this day the Ekadashi tithi will continue for some time in the morning, after which Dwadashi will begin. It is best to perform the worship, meditation and satsang (spiritual gathering) of the Jayanti in the morning. Check the local Panchang for exact timings.
Tailang Swami was born in the region of South India that was known in olden times as Tailang Desh, the area of present day Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. According to tradition, he was born into a devout Brahmin family in the Vizianagaram region. His father's name is given as Narasimha Rao and his mother's as Vidyavati. As a child he was named Shivaram.
There are different views about the year of his birth. According to many biographers and devotees, his life was extraordinarily long and he lived for about 280 years. Traditional accounts place his birth in the early 17th century and his Mahasamadhi (final departure) in 1887. Historians are not in agreement on this but for devotees his spiritual practice and his light matter more than his age.
From childhood, Shivaram's mind was drawn less to the world and more to Shiva. His mother was a deep devotee of Shiva and it is said that he received his first impressions of devotion from her. After his mother's death his detachment grew deeper. According to traditional accounts, he practised sadhana at a cremation ground for many years. This sadhana was a penance to understand the mystery of life and death.
After long practice, Shivaram took sannyas (monastic) initiation from Swami Bhagirathananda Saraswati, at a place tradition identifies as Pushkar. After initiation he was named Ganapati Saraswati. He then wandered for years through places of pilgrimage and the Himalayan regions. It is said that he travelled to Nepal, Tibet and many pilgrimage sites of India and finally reached Kashi, where he spent the rest of his life.
The people of Kashi began calling him by the name of his home region, the Swami who had come from Tailang Desh. Gradually this name became famous, Tailang Swami or Trailanga Swami.
In Kashi, Tailang Swami lived at places such as Assi Ghat, Dashashwamedh Ghat, Manikarnika and Panchganga Ghat. His life was so extraordinary that stories of it are still told in the lanes of Kashi.
When Swami Ramakrishna Paramahamsa met Tailang Swami in Kashi, he called him the walking Vishwanath of Kashi and described his state as that of a true Paramahamsa. A close spiritual bond with Lahiri Mahasaya, the great master of the Kriya Yoga tradition, is also described. The words of these great souls show that Tailang Swami was not merely a miracle working yogi but a perfected saint established in Self knowledge.
Many miraculous stories are linked to the life of Tailang Swami. It is said that he drank a deadly poison and was not affected at all. According to one story, officials arrested him for remaining unclothed, yet he was seen outside the locked cell. Such stories are told among devotees with reverence.
But the real message of Tailang Swami's life does not lie in miracles. For one who believes the body is everything, hunger, cold, insult and death are the greatest fears. Tailang Swami's life shows that when a person recognises the Self, these fears fall away on their own. His miracles were really the outer signs of that inner freedom. For devotees, the true miracle is that a person could live with such peace, compassion and fearlessness.
Tailang Swami remained silent most of the time, so his teaching comes more from his life than from his words. A few main lessons emerge clearly from his life and the stories linked to it.
| Teaching | Its meaning in life |
|---|---|
| Silence | Speaking less and listening to the inner voice |
| Detachment | Using things without being bound by them |
| Non dual vision | Seeing the one Supreme Being in every creature |
| Fearlessness | Rising above the fear of the body and of death |
| Compassion | Quietly helping a person in sorrow |
| Devotion to Shiva | Offering every action to Shiva |
For him Shiva was not a distant deity but a presence felt in every breath. That is why people said that seeing him was like seeing Shiva himself.
| Mantra | Meaning | Purpose | Count |
|---|---|---|---|
| Om Namah Shivaya | Salutations to Lord Shiva | Grace of Shiva and purification of the mind | 108 times |
| Om Tryambakam Yajamahe Sugandhim Pushtivardhanam, Urvarukamiva Bandhanan Mrityor Mukshiya Mamritat | We worship the three eyed Lord who is fragrant and nourishes all. May he free us from death as a ripe cucumber is freed from its vine and not from immortality | Mahamrityunjaya mantra, freedom from fear and good health | 108 times |
| Gururbrahma Gururvishnuh Gururdevo Maheshvarah, Guruh Sakshat Parabrahma Tasmai Shrigurave Namah | The guru is Brahma, the guru is Vishnu, the guru is Lord Maheshvara. The guru is the Supreme Brahman itself. Salutations to that revered guru | Guru Vandana, reverence for saints | 11 times |
Tailang Swami's math stands near Panchganga Ghat in Varanasi, where memories of his penance are preserved. On the Jayanti, special worship, devotional singing and a community meal are held here. His devotees reach Kashi from different parts of the country on this day. Those who cannot go to Kashi can make the day meaningful at home through silence, meditation and the worship of Shiva.
In Vedic astrology two planets are regarded as especially linked with detachment, renunciation and liberation, Saturn and Ketu. Saturn signifies renunciation, austerity, solitude and strict discipline. Ketu is called the Moksha Karaka (significator of liberation) and stands for detachment from the world and spiritual experience. The 12th house of the horoscope is regarded as the house of moksha. The influence of these planets and houses is seen deeply in the lives of great saints and yogis.
In 2027, at the time of Tailang Swami Jayanti, the Sun is in Capricorn, the sign of Saturn. The Sun signifies the soul and its presence in Saturn's sign can be seen as a symbol of the soul's austerity and detachment. Remembering saints and practising austerity at this time can be regarded as especially favourable.
This year the Jayanti falls on a Tuesday. Mars is the planet of energy and discipline and like Hanuman ji it also symbolises the strength of celibacy and penance. On this day the Moon will be in Rohini nakshatra in Taurus, the Moon's sign of exaltation and its beloved nakshatra. A strong Moon steadies the mind and creates a favourable atmosphere for meditation. The Ekadashi tithi itself is a tithi of restraint of the mind and senses. Thus the planets, the tithi and the weekday together make this day well suited to meditation and self reflection.
| Situation | Remedy |
|---|---|
| Confusion or restlessness due to Ketu | Offer water on the Shivalinga and stay silent for some time |
| Shani's Sade Sati or Dhaiya | Feed sadhus and the poor and donate black sesame |
| A restless mind | Meditate for 20 minutes in the morning and chant "Om Namah Shivaya" |
| Fear of death or illness | Chant the Mahamrityunjaya mantra 108 times |
| Lack of a guru or guide | Study the life of a saint and recite the Guru Vandana |
People today are constantly speaking, listening and watching. In the noise of phones, messages and information, the mind does not get even a moment of silence. At such a time, Tailang Swami's silence offers a deep lesson. Silence is not only the stopping of speech. It is a path back within.
Not everyone can take sannyas, nor is it necessary. But everyone can stay silent for some time in the day, let go of attachment to a few things and quietly help a person in sorrow. On Tailang Swami Jayanti, if a person keeps just one hour of silence, feeds one person in need and sincerely remembers Shiva, that person has offered a true tribute to this great yogi.
| Do | Do not |
|---|---|
| Bathe in the morning and worship Shiva | Do not mock or disrespect saints |
| Keep a vow of silence for a few hours | Avoid idle talk and arguments |
| Feed sadhus and the poor | Do not waste food |
| Meditate and attend satsang | Stay away from meat, alcohol and intoxicants |
| Respect the Ganga and all rivers | Do not throw waste into rivers |
Tailang Swami spoke very little throughout his life, yet his life will keep speaking for centuries. He showed that for one who is established in Shiva within, even the current of the Ganga becomes a seat and even the noise of the world becomes silence. On 19 January 2027, when the Ekadashi of the sannyasis and the Jayanti of this great yogi come together, a single lamp, a little silence and a sincere remembrance of Shiva can awaken the light of Kashi in any seeker's heart. Where silence grows deep, Shiva himself appears.
When is Tailang Swami Jayanti 2027?
Tailang Swami Jayanti 2027 will be observed on Tuesday, 19 January, on Paush Shukla Ekadashi.
Who was Tailang Swami?
Tailang Swami was a great yogi and devotee of Shiva born in South India who spent his life in Kashi. He is called the walking Shiva of Kashi.
What was Tailang Swami's monastic name?
After his sannyas initiation he was named Ganapati Saraswati. Because he came from Tailang Desh, he became known in Kashi as Tailang Swami.
How should Tailang Swami Jayanti be observed?
On this day, worship Shiva after bathing, keep silence for a few hours, meditate, read his life stories and feed sadhus and the needy.
Where is Tailang Swami's math?
Tailang Swami's math stands near Panchganga Ghat in Varanasi, where special worship and a community meal are held on the Jayanti.
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